Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses of associations between patient level factor and opportunities for improvement

Sex

 Male

—

—

—

—

 Female

0.89

0.68, 1.14

0.36

1.04

0.79, 1.36

0.8

Age (years)

 Older adolescents (15–19)

—

—

—

—

 Young adults (20–24)

1.88

1.03, 3.60

0.046

1.87

0.98, 3.57

0.058

 Adults (25–59)

1.40

0.84, 2.51

0.23

1.25

0.71, 2.20

0.4

 Older adults (60–100)

2.47

1.48, 4.46

0.001

1.76

0.99, 3.14

0.055

Intubation

 None

—

—

—

—

 Pre-hospital

1.43

0.75, 2.51

0.24

0.93

0.41, 2.09

0.9

 Emergency department

2.72

1.89, 3.83

< 0.001

1.07

0.66, 1.74

0.8

Highest hospital care level

 Emergency Department

—

—

—

—

 General Ward

2.90

1.65, 5.53

< 0.001

2.21

1.16, 4.20

0.016

 Operating Theater

9.11

5.25, 17.2

< 0.001

4.80

2.46, 9.35

< 0.001

 High Dependency Unit

13.1

6.78, 26.5

< 0.001

5.46

2.56, 11.7

< 0.001

 Critical Care Unit

11.7

6.75, 22.0

< 0.001

4.67

2.23, 9.78

< 0.001

Respiratory rate

 10–29

—

—

—

—

 >29

2.11

1.25, 3.37

0.003

1.24

0.73, 2.10

0.4

 6–9²

0.00

0.00, 17.9

0.97

-

-

-

 1–5

1.12

0.06, 5.58

0.91

0.57

0.06, 5.21

0.6

 0²

-

-

-

-

-

-

 Missing

1.49

0.80, 2.56

0.18

1.00

0.40, 2.48

> 0.9

Systolic blood pressure

 >89

—

—

—

—

 76–89

2.40

1.10, 4.62

0.016

1.26

0.59, 2.68

0.5

 50–75

4.05

1.62, 8.82

0.001

1.95

0.77, 4.95

0.2

 1-49²

-

-

-

-

-

-

 0²

-

-

-

-

-

-

 Missing²

-

-

-

-

-

-

Glasgow Coma Scale

 13–15

—

—

—

—

 9–12

1.77

1.06, 2.78

0.020

0.92

0.54, 1.56

0.8

 3–8

1.45

0.86, 2.29

0.14

0.76

0.39, 1.47

0.4

 Missing

1.21

0.61, 2.15

0.56

0.39

0.15, 1.05

0.063

Working hours

 Yes

—

—

—

—

 No

1.04

0.82, 1.33

0.73

1.05

0.81, 1.35

0.7

Weekend

 Yes

—

—

—

—

 No

1.05

0.82, 1.35

0.73

1.07

0.82, 1.40

0.6

Injury Severity Score

 Mild < 9

—

—

—

—

 Moderate 9–15

3.32

2.32, 4.80

< 0.001

2.03

1.36, 3.03

< 0.001

 Severe 16–25

9.71

6.83, 14.0

< 0.001

5.15

3.39, 7.82

< 0.001

 Profound > 25

9.51

6.53, 14.0

< 0.001

5.54

3.43, 8.96

< 0.001

Time to first CT

 0–30

—

—

—

—

 No CT

0.95

0.59, 1.47

0.81

0.81

0.50, 1.32

0.4

 31–60

1.57

1.16, 2.13

0.003

1.53

1.11, 2.10

0.009

 61–90

1.46

0.98, 2.13

0.057

2.44

1.60, 3.72

< 0.001

 >90

1.37

0.98, 1.92

0.065

1.60

1.11, 2.31

0.012

Survival after 30 days

 Alive

—

—

—

—

 Dead

1.31

0.74, 2.18

0.32

0.66

0.36, 1.20

0.2