Fig. 3

Highest sedation score during the procedure. Sedation level was assessed with Ramsay sedation scale. This diagram shows the distribution of Ramsay scores per drug. The median (IQR) of highest Ramsay with patients receiving intranasal dexmedetomidine was 3 (2–3) and in group intranasal esketamine 2 (1–2), p-value 0.02