Table 2 Characteristics of complete case case-cohort study sample
From: The accuracy of prehospital triage decisions in English trauma networks – a case-cohort study
Variable | Category | Reference standard positive (n=/959) | Reference standard positive summary statistic | Reference standard negative (n=/1,798) | Reference standard negative summary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||||
Age (years) | Age | 959 | Median 61 | 1,798 | Median 73 |
IQR 38-79 | IQR 40-84 | ||||
Range 0-102 | Range 0-103 | ||||
Age groups (%) | Child <16 | 31 | 3.2% | 119 | 6.6% |
Adult 16-64.9 | 491 | 51.2% | 644 | 35.8% | |
Elderly >65 | 437 | 45.6% | 1035 | 57.6% | |
Sex (%) | Female | 398 | 41.5% | 944 | 53.2% |
Male | 560 | 58.5% | 831 | 46.8% | |
Injury characteristics | |||||
Mode of injury | Blunt | 902 | 94.1% | 1,758 | 97.8% |
Penetrating | 57 | 5.9% | 40 | 2.2% | |
Mechanism of injury | Cutting/piercing/stabbing | 56 | 5.8% | 40 | 2.2% |
Gunshot | 1 | 0.1% | 0 | 0% | |
Fall>1m | 232 | 24.2% | 109 | 6.1% | |
Fall<1m | 339 | 35.4% | 1,274 | 70.9% | |
RTA (motorcycle) | 40 | 4.2% | 20 | 1.1% | |
RTA (motor vehicle) | 76 | 7.9% | 66 | 3.7% | |
RTA (bicycle) | 30 | 3.1% | 22 | 1.2% | |
RTA (pedestrian) | 107 | 11.2% | 45 | 2.5% | |
Struck by/collision with object | 45 | 4.7% | 85 | 4.7% | |
Struck by/collision with person | 21 | 2.2% | 106 | 5.9% | |
Other / unknown | 12 | 1.3% | 31 | 1.7% | |
Vital signs | |||||
SBP | Median | 959 | 137 | 1,798 | 142 |
IQR | 120-156 | 126-161 | |||
Range | 41-279 | 50-258 | |||
RR | Median | 959 | 20 | 1,798 | 18 |
IQR | 17-22 | 16-20 | |||
Range | 0-56 | 11-67 | |||
Peripheral oxygen saturations | Median | 959 | 97 | 1,798 | 97 |
IQR | 94-99 | 96-99 | |||
Range | 0-100 | 68-100 | |||
GCS | Median | 959 | 15 | 1,798 | 15 |
IQR | 14-15 | 15-15 | |||
Range | 3-15 | 3-15 | |||
Incident characteristics | |||||
HEMS response | Yes | 185 | 19.3% | 23 | 1.3% |
No | 774 | 80.7% | 1775 | 98.7% | |
Mode of transport | Land | 936 | 97.6% | 1,795 | 99.8% |
Helicopter | 23 | 2.4% | 3 | 0.2% | |
High priority leaving scene | Yes | 544 | 56.7% | 163 | 9.0% |
No | 415 | 43.3% | 1635 | 91.0% | |
Closest hospital | LEH | 66 | 6.9% | 191 | 10.6% |
TU | 702 | 73.2% | 1,301 | 72.4% | |
MTC | 190 | 19.8% | 304 | 16.9% | |
Unknown/unclear | 1 | 0.1% | 2 | 0.1% | |
Injury severity | |||||
Injury Severity Score | Injury Severity Score | 959 | Median 18 | ||
IQR 13-25 | |||||
Range 4-66 | |||||
AIS body region injured | Head | 508 | 53.0% | ||
Face | 140 | 14.6% | |||
Thorax | 385 | 40.2% | |||
Abdomen | 198 | 20.6% | |||
Extremities | 483 | 50.4% | |||
External | 316 | 33.0% | |||
Any urgent intervention | No | 664 | 69.2% | ||
Yes | 295 | 30.8% | |||
Critical care admission | No | 850 | 88.6% | ||
Yes | 109 | 11.4% | |||
Died within 30 days | No | 880 | 91.8% | ||
Yes | 79 | 8.2% | |||