Early fluid balance and mortality following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a high volume, single center study

Table 2 Showing ECMO, cardiovascular and ventilatory supports

	Entire Cohort (n = 100)	Dead at day 28 (n = 51)	Alive at Day 28 (n = 49)	p value
ECMO Parameters
Location of Cannulation
Bedside	75 / 100 (75.0%)	41 / 51 (80.4%)	34 / 49 (69.4%)	0.20
OT	5 / 100 (5.0%)	4 / 51 (7.8%)	1 / 49 (2.0%)	0.39
Cath Lab	12 / 100 (12.0%)	2 / 51 (3.9%)	10 / 49 (20.4%)	0.01
Pre-hospital	8 / 100 (8.0%)	4 / 51 (7.8%)	4 / 49 (8.2%)	1.00
ECMO Blood flow, litres per minute (median, IQR)
Day 1 ^a	3.2 (2.9–3.5)	3.3 (2.9–3.6)	3.1 (2.8–3.5)	0.43
Day 2	3.2 (3.0–3.6)	3.2 (2.9–3.6)	3.1 (3.0–3.5)	0.91
Day 3	3.2 (2.5–3.6)	3.5 (2.9–3.6)	3.0 (2.4–3.4)	0.06
Angiography^b	64 / 99 (64.6%)	29 / 51 (56.9%)	35 / 48 (72.9%)	0.10
LV Decompression (n, %)^c	13 / 100 (13.0%)	6 / 51 (11.8%)	7 / 49 (14.3%)	0.71
Ventilatory Parameters, mmHg (mean, SD)
Daily PaO₂^d	168 (110)	207 (143)	146 (78)	0.03
Daily CO₂^d	38 (5)	38 (7)	38 (4)	0.81
Delta CO₂^e	7.3 (16.8)	10.9 (20.7)	4.3 (12.1)	0.11
High dose vasopressors, n (%)^f	58 / 95 (61.1%)	37 / 47 (78.7%)	21 / 48 (43.8%)	0.001
CRRT on ECMO, n (%)	63 / 98 (64.3%)	33 / 50 (66.0%)	30 / 48 (62.5%)	0.72

ECMO = extra corporeal membrane oxygenation, OT = operating theatre, LV = left ventricular, CRRT = continuous renal replacement therapy
^a ECMO flow on day 1 is ECMO flow rate at 4 h post initiation
^b Of those 64 undergoing angiography a culprit lesion was found in 46/64 (71.8%), with 23/29 and 23/35 finding a culprit lesion
^c LV decompression includes LV vent, Impella and IABP
^d Averaged over the first 3 days (readings taken at the same time as day 1)
^e Delta CO2 is the difference between PaCO2 prior to ECMO initiation to PaCO2 24 h later
^f High dose vasopressors are defined as a noradrenaline dose > 0.26mcg/kg/min or addition of vasopressin [11]

ISSN: 1757-7241